定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。不同的句子结构，关系代词也不同。什么时候用who？什么时候用that？that和which什么时候能通用，什么时候只能用which？什么时候只能用that？这些都需要相关的限定条件。
1、关系代词 that 和 which的用法
在限定性定语从句中指代物时，which和that一般可以通用
The new house that/which lhave just bought is about six miles away.
我新买的房子在大约6英里以外。
They planted some trees that/which didn't need much water。
他们种了一些不需要太多水的树。
限定性定语从句中只用 that 而不用 which 的情况
A.主句已有疑问句 who 或 which 时
Which of the cars that are in front of the hotel belongs to you?
旅馆前面的小汽车中哪辆属于你?
Who is the man that is sitting bythe lake?坐在湖边的男人是谁?
B.先行词既有人又有物时
He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited.
他谈到了他访问过的学校和老师。
C.先行词为 all, much,few, little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时
Allthat you need is a hammer and some nails.
你所需要的全部东西是一把锤子和一些钉子。
We haven't got much that we can offeryou.我们没有太多能向你们提供的东西I'd like to tell you something that will make you surprised.我想告诉你一件会使你感到惊奇的事。
D.先行词有形容词最高级修饰时
This is the best way that has been used aqainst pollution.
这是用来防止污染的最好的办法。
Pollyis the most direct young woman that | have ever come across.
波利是我所见到的最直爽的年轻女性。
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