【解题策略】
专升本英语试题难度比英语四级难度稍低，而且做题有一定的规律性。小编建议大家先掌握部分重要单词，之后坚持每天阅读理解的练习，可每天抽出30分钟做题，仔细看答案，找出解题思路，一段时间之后，阅读理解一定可以上一个新高度。
【模拟练习】
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.
But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program\'s Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居国外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) from these countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no
professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back
professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.
61. Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
A． The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.
B. The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.
C． Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.
D． The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.
62. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the developing countries are losing their brain power?
A． Many professionals did not feel comfortable in their home countries after they returned home.
B． "Temporary return" programs encouraged professionals to work in their home countries for short periods.
C． The new laws of the international market encourage knowledge transfer.
D． The professionals from the developing countries have been trained in fields where they could not apply their knowledge to the best advantage in their home countries.
63. In the author\'s opinion, the developing countries should __________.
A． keep their present administrative procedures so as to ensure that their students return after graduation
B． cooperate more effectively with international organizations
C． set up more return programs under the guidance of the UN
D． send students abroad in the fields where their knowledge is more likely to be made full use of in their own countries
64. According to the passage, the problem of the developing countries will continue__________.
A． as long as the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can educate domestically
B． as long as the developing countries are content with their present institutional structures
C． unless those countries stop sending large number of students to be trained abroad
D． if theh governments fail to make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals
65. The best title for the passage is__________.
A． The Brain Drain of the Developing Countries
B． Knowledge Transfer
C． The Talents from the Developing Countries
D． The Failure of Development Programs
【参考译文】
[61]20世纪下半叶，许多发展中国家开始将本国学生送往发达的工业国家深造。这些发展中国家迫切需要受过高级培训的人才来推行基于现代化的发展理念。
但是，学成之后，很多外派留学生都选择留在发达国家。不过，也有很多专业人才回到祖国，但是却感觉不像以前那样自在，最后还是决定回到当初留学的国家。
20世纪60年代，为了解决这一问题，一些拉美国家专门设立了特殊的“海归”项目，以鼓励专业人才回国。这些项目得到了包括国际移民组织在内的一些国际组织的支持，在1974年使l600多名资历合格的科技人员回到拉美国家。
[62]二十世纪八九十年代，发展中国家设立了一系列“短期回国”项目，目的是充分利用受过专业训练且在发达国家身兼要职的留学人才。这使联合国开发计 划署推行了“移居侨民知识转移计划”，该计划旨在鼓励技术人员和科学家回祖国短期工作。但是，随着国际市场推出新的知识法律，这些国家的人才流失情况很可 能进一步加剧。
最近有研究预测，今后，世界顶级发达国家将需要越来越多高级专业人才，数量大约为其教育体制能够产出数量的两倍，或者说，它们 想朝着这个目标发展。[63]因此，发展中国一家迫切需要根据本国缺乏人才的领域外派留学生，从而使其能．够为本国机构出力；而不是盲目鼓励留学深造，一 旦在国内没有用之地，这些留学生学成之后可能就不回国了。[64]发展中国家不应单纯依靠体制结构召回外派专业人才；它们必须引进灵活的管理机制，鼓励人 才回国。如果它们不这么做，人才流失的现状还将继续。
【答案解析】
61．B
定位：根据题干信息NOT correct可知解答本题需通观全文，对细节信息一一进行判断。
解析：文章第一段提到：“20世纪下半叶，许多发展中国家开始将本国学生送往发达的工业国家深造。
这些发展中国家迫切需要受过高级培训的人才来推进基于现代化的发展理念。”选项B却意为“从20世纪20年代起，南美国家就开始向发达国家派遣留学生”，时间以及动作的发出者均不正确，因此本题选B。其他三项在文章的前三段均可以找到依据。
62．B
定位：根据题干信息NOT one ofthe reasons,losing their brain power可知解答本题需通观全文。
解 析：第二段提到有很多专业人才回到祖国，但是却感觉不像以前那样自在，最后还是决定回到当初留学的国家，因此A正确；第四段段末提到，随着国际市场推出新 的知识法律，发展中国家的人才流失情况很可能进一步加剧，因此C项也正确；最后一段第二句提到，一旦在国内没有用武之地，这些留学生学成之后可能就不回国 了，对应D项。这些都是导致发展中国家人才流失的原因。用排除法可知本题答案为B项。该项所提及的“短期回国”项目是发展中国家为吸引人才回国采取的策 略，而非人才流失的原因。
63．D
定位：根据题干信息the author\'s opinion可将答案定位到最后一段，只有在该段中作者才给出了自己的观点。
解析：作者在最后一段第二句中提到：“因此，发展中国家迫切需要根据本国缺乏人才的领域外派留学生，从而使其能够为本国机构出力；而不是盲目鼓励留学深造，一旦在国内没有用武之地，这些留学生学成之后可能就不回国了。”这与选项D所表达的意思相同。
64．D
定位：根据题干信息the problem„will continue可将答案定位到最后一段末尾处。 解 析：文章最后提到：“发展中国家不应单纯依靠体制结构召回外派专业人才；它们必须引进灵活的管理机制，鼓励人才回国。如果它们不这么做，人才流失的现状还 将继续。”综合考虑，D项中的make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals与文中表述接近，为if正确答案。
65．A
定位：根据题干信息best title可知解答苓题需通观全文。
解析：四个选项分别为：发展中国家的人才流失、知识转移、来自发展中国家的人才、发展项目的失败。
整篇文章的内容都围绕着发展中国家人才流失的问题展开，因此A项是概括文章主旨的最佳选择。
